Data Types in Python with Examples

Numeric Types

• int: Integer values

a = 10
b = -28

result = a + b
print(result)

-18

• float: Floating point values

a = 0.0
b = -10.28

result = a - b
print(result)

10.28

• complex: Complex numbers

a = 1 + 2j
b = 3 - 4j

result = a * b
print(result)

(11+2j)

 In Python, the use of j instead of i can help avoid confusion because i is often used as a variable name.

 

Sequence Types

• str: Strings

text = "Try Anything, Come True"

print(text[:12])

Try Anything

• list: Ordered, mutable collections

languages = ["Java", "JavaScript"]

languages.append("Python")
print(languages)

['Java', 'JavaScript', 'Python']

• tuple: Ordered, immutable collections

coordinates = (37.53, 126.98)

print(coordinates[0])

37.53

 Many programming languages ​​use zero-based indexing on various data structures to maintain consistency across languages.

 

Set Types

• set: Unordered collections of unique elements

unique_numbers = {1, 2, 3, 2, 1}

print(unique_numbers)

{1, 2, 3}

• frozenset: Immutable sets

immutable_set = frozenset([1, 2, 3, 2, 1])

print(immutable_set)

# use iteration instead of an index
for item in immutable_set:
    print(item)

frozenset({1, 2, 3})
1
2
3

 Although you cannot access a specific element of a set through an index, you can check whether an element in the set exists or iterate over the elements.

 

Mapping Type

• dict: Key-value pairs

person = {"name": "funczun", "age": 26}
person["age"] = 24

print(person["name"])
print(person)

funczun
{'name': 'funczun', 'age': 24}

 Keys must be unique, but values ​​can be duplicates.

 

Boolean Type

• bool: Represents True or False

is_valid = True
is_invalid = False

print(is_valid and is_invalid)

False

 In programming, and returns True only when both conditions are True.

 

None Type

• NoneType: Represents the absence of a value

value = None

# use is instead of ==
if value is None:
    print("Value is None")

Value is None

 When comparing None, using == may produce unexpected results, so it is recommended to use the is operator.

 

Binary Types

• bytes: Immutable sequences of bytes

byte_data = b'Hello'
b = bytes([65, 66, 67])

print(byte_data)
print(b)

b'Hello'
b'ABC'

• bytearray: Mutable sequences of bytes

b = bytearray([65, 66, 67])

b[0] = 66
print(b)

bytearray(b'BBC')

• memoryview: A view on a bytes like object

b = bytearray(b'BBC')

mv = memoryview(b)
print(mv[:1])

<memory at 0x0000016B07F5C7C0>

 When converting bytes to str, it must be decoded in the same manner as the specific encoding method used toconvert str to bytes.